tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58631090473079320022024-03-04T21:35:38.599-08:00THE EDDYAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09820193231139410710noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5863109047307932002.post-54874013363722993672014-12-25T19:50:00.001-08:002014-12-25T20:00:51.549-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The strict usage of "astika" & "nastika" has been contested by <span style="color: blue;"><u><a href="https://books.google.co.in/books?id=LSg0RGmMaTwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=unifying+hinduism+by+andrew+j+nicholson&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6e2bVO21DY7buQSet4DQCQ&ved=0CBsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=astika%20&f=false">actual works</a></u> </span>of scholarship that uses tool of "Scientific Enquiry" rather than reducing it to defencive cliche.<br />
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Similarly , <span style="color: blue;"><u><a href="https://books.google.co.in/books?id=yMA2RQ61OgoC&pg=PA67&dq=nyaya+debi+prasad+chattopadhyay&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3dacVK3nJMTHuAT744DQAQ&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=nyaya%20debi%20prasad%20chattopadhyay&f=false">Nyaya</a> </u></span>& Samkhya were called as heterodox by HT Colebrooke.<br />
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It is high time that Rationalists aka Atheists stop parroting Ambedkar, MN Roy ,Bazaz etc , just because they were great ; it is similar to the phenomenon of ordinary Hindus (esp. middle class) parroting Gandhi, Tilak ,Vivekananda etc & thus like the latter ends up in parochial "self-pleasing" approach. Because the former are as much responsible for distorting things in the name of "reason" as much as the latter are responsible for doing the same in the name of "truth".<br />
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It is better to study actual historians & sociologists (& all ranges of them) to improve our understanding of "greys" of history & sociology before making arguments<br />
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Also the so-called "Muslim Invasion" is better referred to as invasion by "Turks" & "Mongols as majority of South Asian muslims already existed here , <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_Rajputs">before they embraced Islam. </a><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09820193231139410710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5863109047307932002.post-39955946522852222302014-12-22T22:06:00.000-08:002014-12-22T22:06:43.367-08:00THE FOREIGN MUSLIM vs NATIVE MUSLIM NARRATIVE <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
http://www.littlemag.com/faith/irfanhabib.html<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dr. Habib above makes two fundamental
error : a) He assumes that India much before the British had become a proper
country with the Foreign-origin Turks , Persian & later Mughals (people
whom in all my posts here I will refer to as supercastes) being the centre of
Indian National consciousness. It fails to realize that the importance of these
communities had their cultural influences only limited to Delhi & the surrounding
areas on Hindus & Muslims living there. They ruled India indirectly through
local Kings who were more culturally & linguistically linked to their
subjects. This included Rajputs (both Hindus & Muslims) , Jats ( Hindus
& Sikhs) ,Pathans in North & similarly Nairs in Kerala , Ahoms in Assam
etc They were nevertheless centre to Indian Muslim-nationalism & part of
Pan-Indian Muslim identity beginning 1800s but not non-Muslims all over India.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">b) He also equates usage of Shivaji by
Tilak against British as expression of Hindu nationalism( just bcz Shiv Sena
does it today). Shivaji is as integral to Marathi identity as ZainulAbideen of
the Kashmiri , Rana Pratap of Rajasthani , Talpur Mirs of Sindhi ,Tipu Sultan
of Karnataka, Rajaraja Chola for Tamil identity & henceforth . India became
a nation only on 15 August 1947 but Regional nationalities on the basis of
common languages & the National Consciousness that pioneers of Indian
nationalism like Lal-Bal-Pal had to invoke Regional Folks & Legends to
initiate the Nationalism process. The biggest drawback of this process was that
only hindu legends were invoked as the trio were hindus (& thus were not
much aware about local muslim legends) & much of the Muslim participation
to Freedom movement only happened after the Non-Cooperatation - Khilafat
Movement of 1921.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Prof. Habib’s writings often end up
giving much importance to the Supercaste muslims than the uppercaste muslims (Indian
uppercastes like Rajput,Jat,Gujjar) or lower caste muslims (Pasmanda, Kammis
,Momin Ansaris etc) . The Uppercaste muslims ruled parts of India directly like
their pre-Islamic ancestors or Hindu counterparts , they spoke the local
languages & were indigenous unlike the Supercastes who spoke Farsi &
Turki. The dominance of the Foreign-origin Muslim narrative over the Native
muslim narrative helped in creating the idea of “the other” between lower caste
Hindus & lower caste muslims , upper caste Muslims & Hindus <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09820193231139410710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5863109047307932002.post-73234831611438276552014-12-03T21:46:00.003-08:002015-02-06T00:06:38.100-08:00THE NADIR OF INDIAN SECULARISM<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
( Narendra Modi as Aurangzeb)<br />
( http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-11-12/news/43980943_1_aurangzeb-narendra-modi-dara-shikoh )<br />
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The nadir of India’s much vouched “Secularism” was evident
to anyone with perspicacity to study it’s harrowing contradictions. But
RSS-BJP’s political resurgence from near-oblivion in 2014, is rather not the cause
but the consequence of it. No discerning mind can discord with the palpable
fact that BJP causes schisms between communities, actually Hindu-Muslim &
Hindu-Christians; but the larger matter of concern is that the edifice of
Indian secularism is neither formidable nor are its “root arguments”
pedantically constructed through debates. “Indian Secularism” , which we
Indians ,mostly middle-class, vaingloriously present , was always mired with
plethora of dichotomies. So definitely this is not the diatribe against Badshah
Modi (who often reminds us of Aurangzeb)
but rather against the Secular Satraps of modern India , who are reminiscent of
the indigenous feudal sardars of medieval India. [To finding faults will only
result into writing a thesis but to save time , lets restrict it to a blog
which will also mean certain intricacies will be omitted , contributors though
can contribute further , if at all]. <o:p></o:p><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><u>1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Post-Nehru Congress’s Pseudo-secularism</u></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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Congress describes itself as the foundation
of Secularism in India, as against BJP – the communal villain inveterate to
expunge this foundation. This is but an illustration of “oversimplification”. This
is not to say that Congress is a communal organisation, but then “communalism”
is not an antonym to “secularism” but rather a “consequence” of its absence in
a complex society like India. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The Indian society is a web of caste, religions, ethnicities, linguistic
groups. These four parameters do not divide the Indian society into simply
horizontal & vertical stices , but rather quite intricately like a web. In
such a society, political stability thus comes at the cost of making colossal
compromise. The Congress that formed India had to involve people from all
shades , religious conservatives (many Hindu & Muslim clergies joined it
for various reasons) , progressives (eg. Nehru & the Congress Left)
,pro-Muslim secularists like Azad *, pro-Hindu secularists like Patel *, even
communalists like (eg. Tandon , Malviya ) , even many hard-core atheistic Socialists.
Thus in this cacophony “Ideology of Secularism” was sacrificed by superfluous “populism”,
though the Secular elite formed the head
of this party , its workers , activists ,politicians belonged to
different shades on the Secular-Communal spectrum. This explains the large
number of riots under Congress Rule ( Hyderabad , Bhagalpur ,Bombay , Babri
Masjid) result of its unwillingness to restrain & punish its Hindu communal
members & sometimes also its Muslim communal members, its lethargy towards
debating Secularism , its declivity towards the stalled project of Hindu Social
reforms , its continuous appeasement of
communal & conservative muslims causing foeticide of Muslim Social reforms (Shah
Bano & Shariah), its policy of encouraging Sikh Fundamentalists
(Bhindrawale) for political gains & their consequent ruthless action (Golden
Temple ) on seeing their former allies become a threat , using Religion to
incite a mob the avenge the Party leaders’s (Indira Gandhi) assassination
(anti-Sikh riots), non-punishment of the perpetrators (Tytler & Kamalnath).
<o:p></o:p><br />
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Congress needs to become more “intellectual” than populist weeding out
obnoxious conservatives & communalists , punish the communalists within it
, initiates the debate on Secularism pragmatical bridging the gap between theory
& practice , supports social reforms across societies , until then Indian
society will continue to remain in a limbo & remain hostage to all forms of
fissiparous & obscurantist forces.<br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><u><b>2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->The Alien Communist-Rationalist conglomerate</b></u><o:p></o:p></div>
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This “Left-Atheist-Rationalist “
conglomerate remains the only group that one can call as “closer” to Secularism
.This group can be broken down into two : a) Intellectuals-cum-academicians & , b) The ex-Hindu Nihilists.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Before we proceed discussing these
categories, it should be remembered that both these sets of people belonged to
the so-called Hindu socio-cultural communities, though all of them were
atheists.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Academecians: They were responsible for exclusively digging
through history, folklores, shastras, sociology & anthropology of thousands
of communities that inhabit this landmass. They , the people like Irawati Karve
, Romila Thapar, M N Srinivas & D D Kosambi
are the ones who have persevered as the vanguard of social justice ,
secularism & truth in the Indian society.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Nihilists: They as social activists , like
Dr Ambedkar, Periyar , Illaiah , Arundhati Roy , being quintessentially
“revolutionary” , prioritised “agitation” , “didactics” & often on the
extreme even rhetoric to attain a casteless , egalitarian & secular society. Like the following :<o:p></o:p><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.countercurrents.org/ilaiah310808.htm">http://www.countercurrents.org/ilaiah310808.htm</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p>Such things are counter-productive.</o:p></div>
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The consolidation of Secularism in India
& Communal harmony will require to re-debate history & refuting
ideological based writing of the Indian history by not just the Rightists , but
also by Leftists. Iam sure the Right will never do it but are the Leftists
willing to review their writings?? <o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><u>3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Nebulous Secularism</u></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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I had this comment by a friend ,best
describing the story of the “idea of secularism” in India <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gandhian wish would have been<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0cm;">“Sarva
Dharma Sahishnuta</span>“(equal empathy towards all religions) and
Nehruvian would have been<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0cm;">“Sarva Dharma Nirapekshata</span>” (equal
indifference towards all religions)!! Mercifully Mrs.Gandhi did not define
“Secularism” when she inserted that word. What are we then? Indians are
constitutionally built, as you say, for<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0cm;">“Sarva Dharma Samabhav</span>” (equal
attitude towards all religions). Constitution, if it errs, does so in favour of
religions of the Minorities & that is in the finest tradition of India. It
appears paradoxical since special treatment to Minority religions would mean
neither Equality nor Indifference. May be Empathy? This “favouritism” towards
Minorities goes back to days of yore as evidenced in the 7th century
Travelogues of Huen Tsang (Xuanzang) when a Hindu Harsh Vardhan ruled entire
North Indian landmass and placed the Rights of Worship of Buddhists above that
of even Brahmins despite attempts on his life by the latter right in the
presence of the Guest. Indian style “Secular” credentials have been thus earned
not merely by inserting a word or two in Preamble but by centuries of
incredible ability of men like Ashok, Harsh, Akbar, Dara, Teg Bahadur &
above all Gandhi to be Inclusive even at the cost of their lives. If left
unchecked, present government, under the slogan of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0cm;">‘appeasement
of none and justice to all’</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>would
like to alter the Constitution & go against that very Ethos of India. To my
mind that means treason. That mustn’t be allowed.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p> There is strong fatalism in his definition of Indian Secularism. Its longevity in this form will certainly also help increasing a feeling among the hindus that the entire Indian Secularism ( I mean all shadesis all about Hinduphobia. This will also prolong Hindutva. One needs to debate it.</o:p><br />
<o:p><br /></o:p>
<o:p></o:p><br />
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<b><u><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.4666652679443px;">4)</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">THE FOREIGN MUSLIM vs NATIVE MUSLIM
NARRATIVE</span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sadly , not just the Right-wing but also Centrist & Leftist historiography often end up
giving much importance to the Supercaste muslims than the uppercaste muslims (Indian
uppercastes like Rajput,Jat,Gujjar) or lower caste muslims (Pasmanda, Kammis
,Momin Ansaris etc) . The Uppercaste muslims ruled parts of India directly like
their pre-Islamic ancestors or Hindu counterparts , they spoke the local
languages & were indigenous unlike the Supercastes who spoke Farsi &
Turki. The dominance of the Foreign-origin Muslim narrative over the Native
muslim narrative helped in creating the idea of “the other” between lower caste
Hindus & lower caste muslims , upper caste Muslims & Hindus. For eg . Babur invades India . Rana Sanga leads a band of three Rajput kings & one Pathan king to fight this Mongol-invader. The wars & massacres became part of ballads of the Rajasthanis long after the war ( which is quite natural across the globe). The Hindutvavadis hijack the legends & folks to make this as Hindu vs Muslim war. The Left reacts by trying to glorify Babur as a great Indian & a benign invader (Babur was the same as Curzon or Clive , in fact far worse as Mongols are known for unprecedented barbarism ;Halaku Khan ,Timor ,Chenghiz were all ancestors to Babur). This only helps the Hindutvavadis.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Rather the Left should have highlighted the martyrdom of Rajput king Raja Hasam Khan Meo of Mewat & Mahmood Lodhi- the Pathan feudal from Agra. Raja Hasan Khan is an ancestor to all Hindu Rajputs as much as Rana Sanga is , but how many do know about them .It is here that the Left could have used the same native folks to create a broader ethno-nationalism among the Rajasthanis ,West UttarPradeshis etc. Because Folks remain the best vehicle to propagate history.<b>This in turn would have strengthened local unity among Hindus & Muslims of same caste , language, race have & Muzzafarnagars could have been avoided. </b>As it is this local grassroots unity or strenghthening of Ethno-linguistic cultures ( that squashes both Hindu & Muslim nationalisms).<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5) RATIONAL MOVEMENT </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.3999996185303px;">The social & cultural chasm between the Hindus & Muslims (esp. the middle-class)got augmented during the British due to the different overal reactions from both the communities to Western ideas. Both had conservatives & both had liberals. But in Hindus the overall proclivity to reforms & in Muslims the overall proclivity to "Safeguard of Identity" (for true as well as imaginary reasons) resulted in the former searching for pan-Indianism & the latter searching for pan-Ummahism. Thus the Hindu social reforms , not just reformed the different Hindu communities to certain extent but also deepened Indian nationalism. On the contrary , while there were reform movements among Indian muslims too ,they were always marred by the apprehension of "Muslim identity" due to birth of a more progressive Hindu middle-class (social-economic fear) as well as aggressive Hindu Rightists (political fear). This finally limited them to focussing on the "Muslim Past" ,both Indian & non-Indian.The Khilafat Movement as well as Sir Syed & Allama Iqbal are good examples. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.3999996185303px;">This only furthered the chasm between the communities. This also partly contributed to Social & economic downfall of Indian Muslims.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.3999996185303px;">Today , not just that pro-rational reform movements have to revived among Hindus but also the civil society needs to trigger Muslim reform movements. Further , instead of <b>pan-Indian Hindu Reformism</b> , rather there is a need to conflate <b>local Hindu & Muslim Reform movements.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.3999996185303px;">This would not just sow the seeds of progressive thinking among the communities or improve their social conditions but rather create a stronger sense of brotherhood , that in turn can counterpoise & expunge Hindutva forces.</span></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09820193231139410710noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5863109047307932002.post-36818907106476111422014-12-03T21:38:00.000-08:002014-12-03T21:38:23.910-08:00 INTRODUCTION : INTO THE TURBULENCE OF TIME<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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For many weeks now , I have been engrossed into many a turbulent thoughts ......thoughts emerged out of my voracious reading of my land's ( the one that I am serendipitously born into) past & as well as many a disturbing events of present. After exploding with many a feelings .....blend of poignancy & nostalgia , I have finally got hold of the "keys & the screen" to relieve myself of the urge .<br />
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The pseudonym <b>" The Eddy " in the "Ocean of Ideas"</b> alias poignant disturbances in the sea of social dogmas , political jargon, travesty of "Itihaas" , the blithe ignorance of Bharat Mata towards her own ailments etc etc remains a sufficient allusion to the nature of discourse here esp. for those who call themselves Bharatvasi . So I hope your power to comprehend might be strong enough to realize the kind of things blogged here & even if you do not , let me then take the trouble to , before I write any further briefly , elucidate the nature of work presented here :<br />
1) It is <b>History & Sociology of Indian people</b> ,particularly <b>Northern & Western India </b>with the aim to counter certain pugnacious ideas & prejudices that have found acceptability into the Indian society & the understanding of the above two discipline from non-Rightist & non-Leftist perspectives .<br />
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2)To stir at least some from the complacent obliviousness towards those myriad problems as well as highlighting the imperativeness of <b>reasoning</b> in achieving the above aim.<br />
3)To ,if not shatter the cobwebs ,(I certainly am no politician nor social activist ) but at least to feel them .The work is bound to be seen as controversial by all " ists" whether Rightists, Leftists or even Centrists , nevertheless it is still pertinent to share knowledge , debate perceptions & to have meaningful discussions.<br />
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<b>Disclaimer : </b>So now , only if you can tolerate the heavy booze of writings that are bound to follow , do continue , but if you find it worthless words of boredom far from the thrilling , intriguing articles that romanticize life , please click the little "x" on the right-hand side as<b> it is nothing better than a "History" or " Sociology" lecture , may be far worse. </b><br />
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